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All-Russian Central Executive Committee

A body elected by the Congress of Soviets, the first Central Executive Committee was elected at the first All-Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd, June 3 - 24, 1917. After the October revolution, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets met, and elected the second Central Executive Committee which was the executive body of the R.S.F.S.R., and was compromised of:

62 Bolsheviks
29 Left SRs
10 Mensheviks and Right SRs

The Committee had 100 members and a chairman, the later of who directed the day to day work of the Committee and only voted in the case of a even split in the committee. The first chairman of the CEC was Leon Kamenev.

All-Russian Congress of Soviets

The legislative body of the R.S.F.S.R. and for a short time of the Soviet Union.

Each All-Russian Congress consisted from 650 to 2,000 delegates from Soviets all over Russia. Delegates were elected by the soviet of the local area they came: two deputies were chosen from each soviet with 25,000 to 50,000 electors, for every additional 25,000 electors an extra deputy was allowed, up to a maximum of eight deputies from a single soviet. Soviets with less than 25,000 electors were to combine with other soviets and send joint deputies to the Congress.

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The executive power of the Congress of Soviets lasted several years after the October revolution in practice. In the late 1920s the Congress was seen as potentially counter-revolutionary. To ensure that it was not, the local leaders of the "Communist" Party nominated and elected the members of the Soviets to the Congress.

For an Event listing of the different Congresses of Soviets, see the Glossary of Events: All-Russian Congress of Soviets